Wednesday, 23 March 2016

Chandramani (by Debabrata Basu)

My uncle Debabrata Basu wrote a series of sketches, about his grandmother, his aunts and his mother.  This is about his grandmother.

Chandramani

by Debabrata Basu

Really, my grandmother's face was like the moon. We called her Chordidi. She came to our house as a newly-wed at the tender age of nine. She spent a full eighty years here, in this house. She never went to school; in those days, that was not the done thing. She had studied a little bit at home, but she has left behind a legacy of about a thousand poems, some long, some short. Just hand her a pen, and whatever the theme, the topic she chose, poetry would flow out unbidden, non-stop and spontaneous. Sometimes, she has written from deep joy, and sometimes from boundless grief.

When she came to this house after her marriage as the younger daughter-in-law (Chotobou ), the house was vibrant. Father-in-law, mother-in-law, her elder brother-in-law, his wife, several sisters-in-law. In the midst of all of them, she made her own place.

When her mother-in-law passed away, the home was managed by her elder sister-in-law (Bordidi). All the sisters-in-law had got married by then. Bordidi was childless. Chordidi's children were her children. As long as she lived, Bordidi held the reins of the house. Everyone loved her, everyone feared her. At home, her word was law.

With such a strict elder sister-in-law, even then, not even once in all those years did Chordidi have a verbal spat, or even a mild disagreement. She was as deeply respectful as can be.

When I was quite young, an infant, Bordidi passed away. From my earliest memories, I remember Chordidi ran the house. Chordidi was not dominant; she was very sweet. So we grandchildren grew very close to her. Chordidi had seven daughters and two sons. But her eldest daughter and her younger son passed away at a very early age. So we saw our six aunts and my father (Baba ).

Baba was rather moody and stubborn. If something was not according to his liking, then he would get angry, very angry, and he would not listen to his wife, his mother or his father. We worried about his stubbornness and anger.

When after passing my matriculate examination, I went to Presidency College for the first time, I had to be accompanied by our manservant. That's how we went to our nearby school, always accompanied in our walk to school by our manservant. But after I objected, I was finally allowed to go to college alone each day. Somehow, Baba accepted that.

But trouble broke out with my younger brother. After he cleared his ISC, and he was admitted to Jadavpur Engineering College, Baba started to take him to college every day. Baba would spend the whole day at Jadavpur College and in the late afternoon when classes ended, he would bring his young son home. Naturally, my brother revolted. He told Ma, from now on, I shall stay at the hostel. Ma and I agreed. Chordidi also agreed instantly. Yet we all knew that when Baba would hear, there would be chaos.

One day I went to Jadavpur College to drop off my younger brother. When Baba returned home, he heard the news and sulked. Then he packed his stuff and left home. When he left he didn't say where he was going. But we knew that he would be going to his friend Nitaibabu's house. Before leaving, when Baba told Chordidi his decision to leave home, Chordidi said calmly, “Chandicharan, you're going, go. But know that the person who gave my younger grandson the permission to stay in the hostel was me.”

How much mental strength, courage she must have had to say that. Her only son leaving home, but Chordidi took the entire responsibility on her shoulders.

Sometimes Baba and Ma would have a disagreement. Quite unnecessarily, many a time, my mother bore the brunt of his anger. But my Chordidi always supported my mother; she consoled her. It is rare to see such closeness between the mother-in-law and the daughter-in-law.

Towards the end, Chordidi could not get out of bed. That day was the last day of the Durga Puja that year, the day of the immersion of the idol. On the street, the idol was being carried; bronze bells pealed. Chordidi whispered, “Khokon, can you take me to the window once? Ma is passing by, shall I not watch?”

I picked up Chordidi, I held her tightly close to my chest and took her to the window sill. Her eyes were blurred; but oh! what unbounded joy on her face. She said, “Long may you live my boy, be a man, a good human.”

In those days, we would say: twelve months, thirteen festivals. And in these festivals, the star, the pivot was Chordidi. She would do all the work for the puja herself, even in her old age. She did her puja with faith, and a deep sense of duty and devotion.

Our family god is Shalgramshila, a stone, which we call Madhusudan. Shravan, Agrahn, Chaitra – the first fifteen days of these three months was our turn. For these days, Madhusudan stayed at our house. The rest of the year, he stayed at our relatives' houses. On the first of Baisakh, even though it was not our turn, on the first day of the new year, Purohit Mahashay would come with Madhusudan to give us a darshan. Only after the darshan of the family god Madhusudan, our new year would begin.

Baisakh would begin with a jhara. On the tulsi pot, on a tall bamboo frame, a large earthen pot would be hung. There would be a small hole at the bottom of the earthen pot, which would be full of water. All day all night, water would slowly and steadily drip-drip on the roots of the tulsi plant. But our real attraction were the jhara gifts our aunts would send. Baisakh is the month of fruits. Aam, jamun, kathal and many other fruits would be among the gifts. And there would be mishti, lots and lots of mishti. When the jhara gifts would come, our greedy eyes would fall on these.

In the month of Jyesth, there was Jai Mangalbaar. Chordidi and Ma would listen to the stories of Jai Mangalbaar and eat a platter of fruits. The remains of these lovely fruit platters fell to our fate.

In the steady rains of Ashaad came Rath and Ultorath. Decorated by flowers, leaves and deeps – earthen lamps – we would step out in to the rain with our little raths, and our little trumpets made of palm-leaves (talpatar bhepu)

On the first of Shravan would begin our turn of Madhusudan. Chordidi would herself do all the puja work, clean the thakurghar. And in the evening, we would be ready and waiting with our bronze plate bells, for the arti.

The main attraction of Bhadra was on the day of Sankranti – Vishwakarma puja and kite flying. But in our home, we did not celebrate Vishwakarma puja, we celebrated Manasa puja. And it was a no-cooking day. On the previous day, many many dishes would be cooked and kept covered with a thin muslin cloth – in preparation for the feast on the next day. I remember clearly there would be four or five types of dal. Ten types of fries, and the greatest of them all – Hilsa fish fry. In East Bengal, the pairs of Hilsa fish arrive on Saraswati Puja; in West Bengal, on Bhadra Sankranti.

For this no-cooking feast, so many people would come home. No one was invited. Everyone knew that a great feast was held at our home that day. Chordidi would herself cook and would serve everyone.

In Ashwin came Durga puja. At home we did not have Durga idols. We did a pat puja, with a painting. On the eighth day, Ashtami, in front of that pat, we would hold a prayer with flowers, a Pushpanjali. And on Bijoya, the tenth and final day, at different houses, there would mishti and siddhi sharbat.

And there was Kojagari Lakshmi Puja. This wasn't the only Lakshmi puja in our home, we would have the Dipannita Lakshmi puja on the day of Kali puja. Throughout West Bengal, the more common Lakshmi puja is the Dipannita, with its array of lights.

On the day of Kalipuja, we would worship Lakshmi and Alakshmi. With banana and chikoo, Chordidi and Ma would make Lakshmi, Narayan and Kuber. 108 lamps would be lit. Before we would worship Lakshmi, we would say goodbye to her sister, Alakshmi. Purohit mahashay would arrive and first take Alakshmi out of the house, and we would follow him, ringing the bronze bells. On one side of the road, after worshipping Alakshmi, we would leave her there and return to the real Lakshmi puja.

Earlier, we used to have Lakshmi puja every month. But later, towards the end of her life, thinking of how much work and trouble it was for her daughter-in-law, Chordidi stopped most of the Lakshmi pujas. But she kept the key ones: like the Lakshmi puja in the months of Bhadra, Pous and Chaitra – and of course, Dipannita – the puja with the lamps.

In the month of Kartik, every evening, we would light the sky lamps. The glass lanterns - filled with the light of the castor oil-wick - and the bamboo frame around it would be lifted up with the machinery. What the objective was, I am not sure, but I guess the lights were raised high above our heads to attract and distract the evening's glow-worms, the shyama poka. As long as Chordidi was there, we lit the sky lamps. Now of course, these have been stopped.

After Kartik, Agrahn, the month of Itu thakur, the month of the sun god. Every Sunday and at Sankranti, we would have puja for Itu thakur, the god Itu. Chordidi would sit in the puja ghar with my mother and sisters to listen to the stories of Itu thakur. Chordidi would say her rhyme:

After Kartik, comes Agrahn.
Itu thakur sat down to meditate.
Five sky maidens came down to earth.
They bathed in the lake, they did.
They wore starched clothes, they did.
Gave blood from their breasts, they did.
Cut their hair and swung their fly-whisks, they did.
With incense and joss, they prayed.
With great care, they worshipped Itu.
Itu thakur was greatly pleased.
All ye maidens, I grant thee boons.”
What boons do we know? What boons do we ask for?”
What boons ye know, ask for those boons”
May my husband be the king of kings,
May my children be immortal,
May my son-in-law be the light of the sabha,
May my son be the light of the durbar-hall,
May my daughter be beautiful,
May my daughter-in-law be full of goodness.
With my sindoor and my shakha,
May I step into heaven.”

I loved hearing the rhymes; perhaps, that's why I remember it even today. I would think these maidens said “What boons do we know? What boons do we ask for?”, but they chose their boons carefully. Beauty for their daughters so that it would be easier to marry them off well. But when it came to their daughters-in-law, they were attracted by goodness rather than beauty.

In Agrahn, Madhusudan would again visit our home. With fresh rice, fresh jaggery, we would have a new meal, a nabanna. The taste of that still lingers on my tongue.

Pous would come with pithe puli. And then Chordidi would make pithe of so many types, some sweet, some salty. What I loved the most was the poira gurer shoru chakli, the thin threads of melted jaggery.

In the month of Magh, the bani bandana. This was the only puja with an idol. An earthen inkwell, a khanki pen, and a pen of duck feathers. For many years, I used to write Bengali with a khanki pen and English with a feather pen.

The day after Sripanchami is Shital Shasthi. That day, Chordidi and my mother had basi panta bhat - stale watery rice. And whole boiled vegetables. Even though many of the Lakshmi pujas were stopped, none of the shasthis were. Jamai shashthi to Durga shasthi, Chapda shasthi, Neel shasthi, Ashok shasthi to shital shasthi – not one of these were stopped. In those days, what mattered to mothers was less of money, more of their children's welfare. Now, how many mothers keep the fast for shasthi?

In Phalgun came Dol purnima and Shivratri. On the day of Shivbratri, before the night-long vigil, Chordidi would fast, and not even drink a drop of water. And we would eat as usual before staying up the night.

In Chaitra were Neel and Annapurna and Charak pujas.

I started with the saying: earlier, twelve months, thirteen festivals. But I guess we had not thirteen, but twenty-six. In most of these festivals, Chordidi would either fast, or eat a platter of fruits. But definitely she enjoyed making this physical effort. Why she liked it is difficult to understand with today's mindset. But she did not want to force others to follow the same path, the same physical strain; so thinking of the difficulties of the next generation, she stopped many of the pujas.


Our pishimas/aunts loved Chordidi deeply, this kind of love for a mother is rare. Towards the end of her life, Chordidi was sick and bedridden for months. Ma was always beside her. Pishimas came every day. Towards the end, when Chordidi was almost unconscious, my aunt NauPishima asked, “Ma, what is your pain? Tell us? Will you drink some water?”, “Ma, can you recognise me.”

In an unclear voice, Chordidi said, “Bina, give me a sip of water.” Towards the end, she would say only that name, Bina, Bina. This kind of love between a mother-in-law and daughter in law I have never seen.

When she was almost ninety, Chordidi closed her eyes for the last time, leaving all of us in tears.

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